International Pipeline and Fitting Standards System
The international pipeline fitting standards system takes American standard ASME, European standard EN, and ISO international standards as its three core mainlines, supplemented by regional standards such as the national standard GB, Russian standard GOST, and Japanese standard JIS; different systems exhibit significant differences in pressure identification, dimensional benchmarks, material specifications, and inspection rules. In international EPC engineering projects in oil and gas, chemicals, and electric power as well as in foreign trade export business, selecting the wrong standard or mixing standards will directly cause major risks such as fittings being unable to be assembled, pressure-bearing failure, and project acceptance failure. This article systematically reviews the mainstream standard architecture for pipeline fittings worldwide, compares the core technical characteristics of each system, expounds the standard selection principles for engineering selection and foreign trade procurement, analyzes the practical key points of standard conversion, documentation evidence acquisition, and compliance certification, identifies common misunderstandings in cross-standard application, and provides a systematic technical reference for domestic pipeline fitting manufacturing enterprises, foreign trade buyers, and EPC general contracting units in carrying out cross-border project material supporting.